Papilloma

Papilloma

Many people on the skin are benign soft growths that are flesh-colored. In most cases, they have a "foot". In everyday life such skin lesions called warts. Ale in dermatology, they are called papillomas.

These tumors may occur on any area of the body. However, the most common are the armpits, neck and groin area. If they do not pay attention, they are able to increase in size, to be injured by contact with clothing and bleeding.

Why is there a skin polyps, be sure to consult your doctor and how to get rid of them forever razglyadev in our article.

What connection is papilloma

The main culprit of this disease is HPV or human papillomavirus. He is in the body almost every person. But not all symptoms occur in the form of growths. It POV due to the fact that in good health nd virus safely suppressed immune cells. And in 2-3 years, in most cases, it disappears from the body.

What is this virus? HPV is a shell-less virus, which is embedded in the DNA of skin cells and mucous membranes. It is located on the surface, without going into the deep layer of the dermis.

For months and even years it is dormant. By reducing the immunity for various reasons, virus aktiviziruyutsya and begins to grow. So there are warts.

The factors that negatively affect the immune system include:

  • The constant stress.
  • Poor quality or monotonous diet.
  • The lack of vitamins.
  • Chronic fatigue.
  • A passive lifestyle.
  • Bad habits.
  • Of a malignant tumor.
  • Of serious infectious diseases.
  • Uncontrolled reception of antibiotics.

At risk are the elderly, as with age-related changes in the body worse resists viruses. Also often skin lesions occur in children. Unformed child's immune system is not able to cope with the virus. He is, after 2-3 months of infection, entering the active phase.

Important! If the person is infected with HPV, then completely remove it from the body is impossible. Or on their own, or it falls into "hibernation" while strengthening the immune system.

Risk factors for women

During pregnancy in women there is a natural inhibition of the immune system. This is necessary in order to keep the organism perceived the embryo as a foreign object, and giving him the opportunity to attach to the uterus. If the woman in the body is the human papillomavirus, he is required to take advantage of this moment. Therefore in pregnant women the occurrence of papillomas — common problem.

Risk factors for men

Causes of skin lesions in men are rooted in alcohol abuse, frequent change of sexual partners, Smoking. Bad habits negatively affect the state's General immunity, and constant inhalation of tobacco smoke suppresses local protection of the oral cavity and respiratory system. It can cause a serious illness such as laryngeal papillomatosis.

The average latent (hidden) period lasts from 3 months to a year. In good health th infected person is just a carrier without external manifestations. But the danger lies in the fact that it is capable to infect another person.

Can HPV infection

The causative agent for some time is able to survive outside the human body. Infection often occurs through the transmission of the virus through contact-household way. It can be a handshake, a touch, and the use of common household items, toys. Frequent cases of contamination in places of public resort. It bath, pool, water parks.

But for penetration to the dermal layer of the skin to one condition — damage to the skin. For infection be sufficient cracks or small abrasions.

In a newborn, the infection is on the vertical path, that is, from the mother-carrier in the birth process or during breastfeeding.

Genital genital warts or genital warts are transmitted only through unprotected sexual intercourse. It is also possible to samsarajade, that is, the transfer of the virus from one body part to another. This happens by scratching or traumatizing the growth, for example, while shaving.

Main types and types of warts

Strains of HPV there are many. Medicine while it is known only about 200 types of virus. Some of them affect only parts of the body, the other mucous membranes of the genital organs, and the third arise in the oral cavity and larynx.

Among the famous types are the types that have high oncogenic risk. For example, the most dangerous for women are the viruses 16, 18 and 31 types. They are often identified in cervical erosion and cause its degeneration into cancer. The presence in the body vysokokonkurentnyj types of virus does not mean that the person must have Oncology. But it requires more careful attention to health and monitoring by a specialist.

The size and shape of the following types of papillomas:

  1. Vulgar is common, the most common growths. The connection is often between the toes, on the soles of the feet, chin. Plantar warts has multiple compressed solid form due to the walk and pressure. Often painful, but not oncogenic.
  2. Filiform or acrochordus — typical for elderly people. Externally, a dense yellow color. Have a tendency to increase with time. Always have a thin stem. Localized in the armpits, in the neck, in skin folds and groin. Not able to malignancy.
  3. Flat small and numerous skin lesions flat. Raised Above the skin slightly. Are flesh or slightly brown. Located on the face, upper part of the chest, in the area of the anus. Low risk tumours.
  4. Genital warts or genital warts — occur only on the genitals. Transmission is predominantly sexual. Able to degeneration into malignancy.

Some forms of HPV cause dangerous disease papillomatosis of the larynx. White patches and growths interfere with normal breathing, affect the vocal cords. This condition can lead to suffocation. Often this diagnosis is diagnosed in children. In complicated cases the virus goes down and affects the bronchi, lungs and trachea.

The danger of skin growths

Most of them is not a threat to life and health. They are only an aesthetic defect and cause psychological discomfort.

But, if the papilloma is caused by a virus with a high level of oncogenicity, that in adverse circumstances it can lead to a cancer diagnosis. Malignancy leads to severe intoxication, as well as metastases.

Factors that may cause malignancy education:

  • sunburns and exposure to ultraviolet radiation;
  • infection with HPV as a result of her injury;
  • chronic inflammation in the body and counter the decline in immunity.

Also growths often grow, their number increases. They tend to be grouped, the result is a large area affected. Rubbing on your clothing can lead to injury and bleeding build-up.

When you need to go to the doctor

Be sure to draw to the dermatologist for a checkup, if you noticed these changes:

  1. After injury the wound is healing. Observed the excretion of fluids, there is pain when touched.
  2. The color of the education is becoming darker.
  3. Papilloma began to increase in size.
  4. Pus.
  5. Odor.
  6. Throbbing pain even at rest.
  7. Hair loss in the area of growth.

Any skin formation is subject to inspection and monitoring by genetic predisposition to cancer. If papilloma bring to life the discomfort and interfere, then they are subject to mechanical removal.

Diagnosis and treatment of papillomas

Diagnosis and treatment of papillomas

Depending on the localization, you should consult a dermatologist, gynecologist or urologist. To assess growth are necessarily conducted the following studies:

  • Dermatoscopy — more-the study of the papillomavirus through a magnifying device.
  • A blood test for detection of antibodies to HPV.
  • PCR diagnostics.
  • The taking of biological material for histological testing (for suspected malignancy education).

Vaginal formulations the doctor takes a swab from the urethra and cervix. Conducted testing for STIs. Diagnosis the presence of genital warts is performed by both partners.

When multiple rashes may conduct analysis to check immune status.

Treatment of the disease are aimed at suppressing the virus and improving the immune system. This necessarily prior to the removal of the growths, as sources of the virus. Then undergoing antiviral therapy and receiving immunomodulators.

Methods of removing entities

Depending on the size and location of the doctor may suggest the following methods of surgical removal.

Methods of removing entities
  • Cryosurgery or vplive liquid nitrogen.
    The disadvantage of this method is that the expert cannot precisely control the depth of impact. Because of this risk of burns or incomplete excision of the mass.
  • Laser removal
    It is a modern method that allows for one session to get rid of several formations. Leaves no scars. Does not bleeding, so what is the process of sealing vessels. Has a number of contraindications.
  • Electrocoagulation.
    This method involves the exposure of the build-up with an electrode. Effective in protruding warts, which have a stalk. Used in the intimate area. Advantage: remote build-up can be sent away to the laboratory for testing.
  • The radio wave method or the method radiologia.
    Specialist can individually select the length and strength of radio waves, given the depth of the growth. Is carried out using apparatus "Surgitron". Healthy cells are not damaged, is a point impact on the growth of a thin electrode. Rehabilitation is not required.

In rare cases, a surgical excision of education. It is used for large lesions or if there are signs of malignancy. This is the most radical, but effective method. Away recovery. Often leave a small scar. The risk of relapse is minimal as the surgeon completely removes build-up without affecting the healthy area. The operation is performed under local anesthesia.

Single ordinary papillomas can be removed using special chemical compounds. They contain alkali or acid. But with this method the risk of scalding. In addition, incomplete removal of growth often leads to new education. Self-removal of formations can lead to serious negative consequences.

Preventive measures

To fully protect yourself from HPV is only possible through vaccination. But it is advisable only prior to sexual activity. It protects only against the most dangerous types of virus that can lead to cancer.

To reduce the risk of papillomas is necessary to adhere to elementary rules.

  • In gromadskikh the places not to walk barefoot. Only use your shoes.
  • In gromadskikh toilets to use disposable plates.
  • Use a condom during oral and anal sex. But it will give only 50% protection, since the infection is quite simple close body contact.
  • Seek a monogamous relationship.
  • Minimize close contact with an infected person that has symptoms of the disease.

Special attention should be paid to health if you are planning a pregnancy. For this pass the test for HPV.

To avoid a recurrence of pathology after removal, you need to accurately follow all doctor's recommendations. You should take care of the immune system, keeping it at an optimal level. To do this properly and eat a healthy diet, exercise and give up bad habits.

The very presence of HPV in the body is not a reason to sound the alarm and to start intensive care. Ala when found on the skin growths is best to consult a doctor.