Laryngeal papillomatosis is a common disease. A few years ago the only possible method of treating the problem was surgery, over time conservative methods of dealing with the disease emerged.
Causes
Throat papillomas are caused by growth of connective tissue and epithelium. These formations are benign in nature. However, this does not mean that they should be ignored.
From the outside, the growths look like roosters of red or pink hue. Single specimens are rare. There are often multiple formations.
They occur on the tongue, directly in the larynx, on the palate and vocal cords, on the arches of the tonsils, on the pharynx and trachea.
The greatest danger is papillomas located in the throat, which interfere with the normal functioning of the respiratory tract. These are growths on the bronchi and trachea. They lead to serious consequences and complications.
Papillomas appear in the throat if HPV is activated.
This happens under the following conditions:
- the presence of such infectious diseases as scarlet fever, smallpox;
- reduced immunity;
- polluted atmosphere in the residential area;
- the presence of chronic diseases of the nose, throat and ears;
- vocal cord tension.
There is a concept of "juvenile papillomatosis". They suffer from small children. In addition, multiple papillomas in the throat close the lumen in the larynx, which interferes with the normal respiratory process.
Adults with HPV in the trachea or bronchi can develop into a malignant tumor, provided it is not treated. However, even surgical intervention does not guarantee that the formations will not reappear.
Throat papillomas: symptoms
At an early stage, the problem may not manifest.
But as warts grow, symptoms are noticed:
- difficulty breathing;
- appearance of hoarseness, cough for no reason, heaviness in the throat;
- problems with the endocrine system;
- all changes related to the respiratory system;
- cough, accompanied by sputum or even blood;
- dumplings in the throat.
In children, papillomas of the throat may manifest symptoms:
- asthma attacks due to edema in the respiratory tract;
- occurrence of shortness of breath;
- difficulty in conducting the respiratory process;
- hoarseness;
- violations in the development of the child.
How can you get infected?
The papilloma virus is transmitted by contact with an infected person.
This can happen in several ways:
- Sexual way. The risk of getting papillomas is especially high for those who lead a promiscuous sex life.
- Household. When using a single towel, blanket, as well as in common areas.
- Through a kiss
- In the presence of injuries or microcracks.
- self-infection;
- When passing through the birth canal (from an infected mother to a child).
Who is in danger?
Throat HPV often occurs in children who have ENT-related infections. These include pharyngitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, purulent otitis media, laryngitis.
The most common papillomatosis of the throat was among people in the age category of 20 to 45 years.
In the risk factor, a person who has bad habits, constantly experiences stress, leads an unhealthy lifestyle.
There are a number of indirect factors that can cause the development of papillomas in the throat:
- taking hormone pills;
- living in an area with a high level of air pollution;
- passive smoke;
- violations in the care of the oral cavity;
- hormonal failure in the body;
- the presence of hereditary factors;
- stress.
Types of HPV in the throat
There are many classifications of papillomas found in the throat.
This is how the types of diseases are divided according to age:
- Congenital (i. e. infection occurred in utero).
- Children's.
- Acquired (during sexual intercourse or at home).
- Adults.
- Repetitive.
The second division is based on the degree of papilloma growth:
- limited option, when the spread of formations occurs in a certain area of the throat;
- common form, when papillomas are scattered everywhere;
- obturator type. In this case, the growths interfere with the passage of air through the respiratory tract.
According to the condition of the respiratory system and the presence of symptomatic manifestations, the disease can be:
- First compensatory degree. It is characterized by slight difficulty in inhaling and exhaling, the appearance of hoarseness.
- Second compensatory degree. Shortness of breath occurs, the body stops having enough oxygen, a constant feeling of anxiety appears, cold sweat appears, and the skin begins to turn blue.
- Third degree, when there is a complete cessation of breathing. The patient loses consciousness due to suffocation.
Depending on the presence of oncogenic properties, papillomas in the throat can be:
- benign;
- malignant.
Localization of papilloma
Neoplasms can be found either directly in the throat, on any part of it or on the larynx. Which ones are dangerous?
Those growths that occur in the throat affect the tonsils. There are papillomas on the soft palate or side walls. Formations on vocal cords can rarely be found. Do not confuse papillomas on the tonsils and traffic jams.
In the second case, there is a taste of pus in the mouth. It is impossible to independently determine what it is specifically ⏤. You need to contact an expert.
If this is cork, it is enough to wash the problem area. If it is a papilloma on the tonsils, then the doctor will prescribe effective therapy. It can be conservative treatment or surgery.
Laryngeal papillomas are dangerous. These growths can disrupt the patient's speech, interfere with the respiratory process. It is important that this problem occurs in children.
Due to the fact that the respiratory lumen is significantly reduced, laryngeal papilloma can cause suffocation, lack of oxygen in the body and death.
Diagnosis of papilloma of the throat
Before starting treatment for papillomas, the doctor will prescribe a series of diagnostic measures.
Throat papillomatosis can be detected by:
- Laryngoscopy - study of the problem area with the help of a special laryngoscope tool.
- Histology - study of papilloma tissue. It is often done after the growth has been removed or after a biopsy has been taken.
- Microlaryngoscopy - allows you to consider all the nuances of the appearance of education.
- Electroglotography - allows determining the type of papilloma (benign or malignant).
- X-ray - determines how common a throat problem is.
Conservative treatment
Papillomas in the throat can be treated with conservative methods. The most common method is chemotherapy. It is done with the help of chemicals based on chemicals.
They are applied to the affected areas, for these purposes are used:
- Potassium permanganate.
- salicylic acid.
- Silver nitrate salt.
- Sulfuric acid.
- Perhydrol.
- Nitric acid.
The cauterization procedure must be performed by a qualified person. There are a number of substances that are banned for the treatment of children due to their high toxicity.
Another conservative method is radiotherapy. Its main task is to destroy diseased cells. This modern method has been used more and more lately to remove papillomas.
Removal of tumors in the throat and with the help of radiotherapy. The main advantage of the method is the absence of damage or scars, fast healing and elimination of recurrence.
The doctor prescribes antiviral drugs, recommends taking immunostimulants.
Removal of papillomas in the throat
Experts believe that the only correct and effective treatment option is surgical removal of the papilloma.
The appropriate method is selected for this:
- laser;
- radio wave method;
- cryodestruction;
- laryngoscopy;
- electrocoagulation.
It is impossible to remove neoplasms on your own. There is a high probability of papilloma injury. This will cause rapid degeneration of the benign tumor into a cancerous formation. Only the surgeon will successfully report the operation.
Surgery to remove growths in children is contraindicated. This leads to complete cessation of breathing. These methods are not used in early childhood.
Treatment with folk remedies
There are a number of folk remedies that can get rid of papillomas in the throat. They are based on natural herbs and plants. A simple remedy is to eat 1 tablespoon of fresh honey a day.
An infusion of bay leaves will help solve the problem. They are poured over boiling water and kept in a thermos overnight. The obtained medicine is drunk during the day. The course of treatment with the drug is 2 weeks.
An effective recipe is a mixture of chopped horseradish with honey. Ingredients are taken in equal proportions. You need to take one tablespoon a day. The porridge is placed on the tongue and after a few seconds it is washed off with water.
People have long treated papillomas localized in the throat by drinking a decoction of a mixture of bird cherry, thyme, licorice, black currant, raspberry, coltsfoot and plantain. The medicine is taken one hour after meals for 3 months.
You can not treat the problem with folk recipes. The sooner a patient visits a doctor, the sooner they will receive highly qualified help, this will help to avoid the consequences.